Repository | Book | Chapter

184886

(2015) Gender, authenticity and leadership, Dordrecht, Springer.

Enlightened virtue

Rita A. Gardiner

pp. 57-84

In a famous essay written in 1782, Immanuel Kant argued that it is only when a man is free to make his own choices that he can be said to be enlightened (pp. 58–65). In his opinion, "enlightened' freedom was composed of three components: the ability to think for oneself; the ability to think from the standpoint of others; and, lastly, the capacity to think and act in concert with one's beliefs. In this chapter, I examine how Enlightenment ideas about freedom related differently to men and women, especially in regards to societal notions of authenticity and leadership. I focus on Western Europe, since this was where modern ideas surrounding authenticity were initially formulated (Taylor, 1991). In tracing authenticity's modern underpinnings to the emergence of bourgeois selfhood, I show how gendered notions of what constituted right conduct served to enhance men's freedom while simultaneously restricting women's agency.

Publication details

DOI: 10.1057/9781137460455_4

Full citation:

Gardiner, R. A. (2015). Enlightened virtue, in Gender, authenticity and leadership, Dordrecht, Springer, pp. 57-84.

This document is unfortunately not available for download at the moment.